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WORKFLOW · SIGMA'S FIRST USER CONFERENCE · March 5
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Architected for live warehouse data

Sigma is a spreadsheet UI on top of your cloud data warehouse. Filters, group-bys, pivots, and formulas compile into SQL in your warehouse's dialect, run where the data lives, and return results to the browser.

Live query only (no extracts)
Run directly on your warehouse, not a separate data store. Control caching and refresh so teams get speed without losing freshness.
Spreadsheet actions compile into SQL
Work in a spreadsheet UI while Sigma generates optimized SQL behind the scenes. Inspect the SQL, execution path, and timing details when you need to troubleshoot.
Governance stays at the warehouse boundary
Access is enforced at query time with warehouse roles like OAuth or service accounts. Add platform permissions plus audit logs for who changed what.

Architecture at a glance

Execute everything inside the warehouse boundary.
a diagram of sigma's architecture
When anyone opens a workbook, Sigma plans what data needs to be fetched and compiles operations into machine-optimized SQL.
It then decides the best execution path, whether it's cached results, in-browser calculations, or pushdown to the warehouse..
Warehouse-native execution
All AI processing runs on your cloud data warehouse compute.
Inherited security
AI respects existing row-level security and permissions.
Deterministic outputs
Reproducible results with consistent behavior.
End-to-end lineage
Full visibility into data transformations and AI operations.

Under the hood

See the parts architects ask about: compilation, execution paths, governance boundaries, and what you can measure.
Transformation

Workbooks generate warehouse-optimized SQL

Sigma translates spreadsheet operations into SQL on the fly. Switch statements become CASE logic, moving averages become window functions, and pivots compile to your warehouse's dialect.

Query History shows the generated SQL for every element, with timing breakdowns and request IDs for warehouse tuning.

Execution paths

You can attribute spend and tune from real usage.

Sigma exposes query behavior including queue time, Sigma runtime, warehouse runtime, and result fetch time, plus admin usage dashboards and audit logs.

Built-in templates include cost/performance reporting down to useful cut lines like workbook, query, and user.

Governance & Roles

Drive access from the warehouse, Sigma, or both

Sigma can run as the user (OAuth) or as a service account, and optionally map users/teams to warehouse roles so your warehouse policies are enforced at query time.

You can also define access rules in Sigma to control access to content, data, and features.

Execution Paths

A hybrid engine approach

Not every interaction should become a warehouse query. Sigma evaluates execution paths:

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Browser cache
02
Incremental browser compute with our proprietary optimization layer, Alpha Query
03
Warehouse result cache by query ID
04
Materialized tables or fresh warehouse queries.
05
Materialized tables or fresh warehouse queries.

From Data to Revenue and Operational Outcomes

Sigma supports the core workflows where sales performance, capacity, and execution determine growth.

Write back to the warehouse to annotate, adjust, or contribute data.

Edit data in Sigma. Write it back to the warehouse.
Add rows or update values in a Sigma table UI
Persist changes to a warehouse table (INSERT / UPDATE / DELETE)
Downstream models and dashboards reflect updates immediately
Learn about Input Tables

Precompute expensive logic when it makes sense.

Precompute expensive transformations and query the output table.
Persist results as a warehouse table instead of recomputing each query
Speed up downstream dashboards and app workflows
Keep logic consistent anywhere it’s reused
About materialization
Modular governance using Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

Reuse metrics you already define.

If your team standardizes metrics in dbt, Sigma can query the dbt Semantic Layer so builders aren't redefining business logic in five different places.
About materialization
Accurate insights across your data stack

Enterprise-Grade Analytics for Sales & Ops Scale

Sigma is built for business teams that need flexibility without sacrificing governance or performance.
Zero-copy query model
Sigma doesn't require you to duplicate warehouse tables into a separate store to get interactivity. Results can be reused via cache paths instead of persisting a separate copy.
Private connectivity (AWS/Azure/GCP)
Support for PrivateLink / Private Service Connect patterns when your security team wants to keep traffic off the public internet.
Auth or service account
Run per-user (OAuth) or via a service account. Choose what fits your governance model and auditing requirements.
Role-aware access control
Dynamically map users/teams to warehouse roles so row/column policies are enforced at query time.
Audit logs for admin events
Track key admin activities (logins, permission changes, connection changes, and more) for operational visibility.
Compliance artifacts in the Trust Center
SOC 2 Type II, ISO/IEC 27001, GDPR/CCPA posture, and other reports live in one place for review.

Fits into the rest of your stack

Sigma connects to your warehouse, and it also plays well with the systems around it whether its catalog, transformation, monitoring, or reverse ETL.
Reuse standardized metrics and keep business logic centralized.
Let users discover governed tables and definitions where they already look.
Keep an eye on pipeline and data quality issues that impact downstream analysis.
Operationalize curated outputs from the warehouse into downstream tools.

Real customers, real workloads

From insight to action—powered by the warehouse.
A black and white logo for Blackstone.

Architecture FAQ

The questions that usually come up once someone starts mapping Sigma into their warehouse and governance model.

Does every click run a warehouse query?

No. Some interactions are satisfied from the browser cache, some are computed in the browser (Alpha Query), some reuse warehouse cached results via query ID, and some run as fresh warehouse queries. You can see the execution path per query in Query History.

How do you keep warehouse compute from getting out of hand?

Two levers: (1) the query engine (cache tiers + in-browser compute) is designed to avoid unnecessary queries during exploration, and (2) teams materialize expensive/reused logic back into the warehouse so downstream workbooks hit precomputed tables.

Can we see the actual SQL Sigma is generating?

Yes. Query History shows the generated SQL, timing breakdown, and request ID so you can troubleshoot with support or tune the warehouse side.

How do roles / RLS / CLS work?

Sigma enforces permissions in two places: your warehouse (via OAuth run-as-user and roles) and directly in Sigma (via row-level security and column-level security). You can map users/teams to warehouse roles using attributes, and optionally run a published workbook with a service account when needed.

What does "private connectivity" actually mean here?

If you use private networking, Sigma supports common patterns like AWS PrivateLink, Azure Private Link, and GCP Private Service Connect. Setup is a joint networking exercise (yours + Sigma's), and it's documented step-by-step.

What about data freshness?

You can control cache duration / TTL, define acceptable staleness for a workbook, and bypass caches when you explicitly need the latest results.